Curvity is the new way to control the drone swarms.

  Curvity is the new way to control the drone swarms. 

"Illustration of robots advancing artificial swarm intelligence inspired by the collective behaviors of birds, fish, and bees."(Rude Baguette, “Curvity Controls Robot Interactions”: Researchers Develop New Framework Allowing Robotic Swarms to Mimic Bird and Fish Group Behaviors)

Drone swarms could be the tool that can make almost everything. The idea is that drones can cooperate and connect their computing capacity when they must make complex decisions. Then the swarm can share missions to individual drones. When we think about robot swarms that can mimic things like bird swarms, those robots must know their position in the swarm. The answer to that question can be curvature or curvity. Rude Baguette tells the next things about curvity. 

“A key innovation of the study is the introduction of a new quantity termed “curvity.” This intrinsic charge-like quality allows a robot to curve in response to external forces, guiding its interactions with fellow robots. Each robot is assigned a positive or negative curvity value, which determines its behavior within the swarm. This innovative approach allows for the collective behavior of the swarm to be controlled, whether it involves flocking, flowing, or clustering.”  (Rude Baguette, “Curvity Controls Robot Interactions”: Researchers Develop New Framework Allowing Robotic Swarms to Mimic Bird and Fish Group Behaviors)

Assistant Professor Stefano Martiniani from New York University emphasized the potential of this approach: “This curvature drives the collective behavior of the swarm, potentially controlling whether the swarm flocks, flows, or clusters.” Such a model transforms the challenge of controlling swarms from complex programming into a material science issue, opening new avenues for research and application.” (Rude Baguette, “Curvity Controls Robot Interactions”: Researchers Develop New Framework Allowing Robotic Swarms to Mimic Bird and Fish Group Behaviors)

Sharing the system into substructures that mimic galactic groups makes it easier to create programs for robots. Each layer or level acts as one robot. 

The system can involve the next type of information. 

“You are a robot of robot group 9. Robots 1 and 2 must be ahead of you. And robot 4 must be on the left side of you. Together, you are Robot Swarm 2, and Swarms 1 must be on your side, and Swarms 3 and 4 must be behind you. Together, your place is in layer 3. That layer must be between layer 2 and 4.” Then the system has other algorithms that tell what to do if one drone is lost. 

The key question is how the robot can determine its position within the swarm. In this case, the modular structure is the solution. There can be multiple data levels, which makes the data structure operate as a mosaic. Or, rather, we can say that the structure mimics the universe. There are individual drones that are galaxies in galactic clusters. Then those drone clusters form a local cluster. Then, local clusters form a super cluster. And then the superclusters form a global cluster. Those clusters are the drone swarms. The ability to share the groups into subgroups makes it easier to program those drones. 

The idea is that the drones can form three or four drone groups. The individual drone knows. What drones are behind it, and what drones are ahead of it? The drone group acts like one drone. And then it must know what drone group is ahead and behind it. Then the drone group must know. Whether it should be above or below some of the other drones. The system can make that quite easily. It can share the drone swarm into layers. And those drones know their own layer. And then they know what drones should be below and what should be above it. Those drones can operate in squares. That can look like randomly changing forms. 

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/09/curvity-controls-robot-interactions-researchers-develop-new-framework-allowing-robotic-swarms-to-mimic-bird-and-fish-group-behaviors/

How to simulate the entire universe using a laptop?

   How to simulate the entire universe using a laptop? 

How to simulate the entire universe using a laptop? And can psychohistory be possible? 

The idea is this. If we want to simulate a large entirety, we must not have high accuracy. If we want to make a simulation about. How a river flows, we can use the entire river as a model. We must not care. About how a single water molecule or subatomic particle behaves. We must only know where the river flows. To make a prediction about how the river will flow, we must only know where the softest rock is to predict the channel that the river will choose. In meteorology, supercomputers can make very good predictions. If they know the forces that affect the air. In those cases, the system. Look at the entirety. It doesn’t try to make a precise and highly accurate model of how a single water droplet interacts. The system observes the large entireties. Like cloud groups to make a model, how the air mass will behave. 

Weather satellites and computers are good tools. To predict how large hurricanes behave. But those systems are helpless. When they must try to predict how tornadoes will form. Tornadoes are smaller but more destructive than large tropical storms. Tornadoes are too small for weather satellites.

Maybe. The same programs can make predictions of tornadoes. If the system uses so-called atmospheric satellites that observe smaller areas but with higher accuracy. Those systems will get information from smaller areas. But they can use similar computer systems. Researchers used to make a large-scale weather forecast. In this case, it's easy to make a planet-scale weather forecast. But those forecasts are inaccurate. 

In the same way, it's easy to make predictions about how large gas mass behaves. The system removes unnecessary accuracy and handles things like galaxies as solid forms. Those are like pins in the large system. Or maybe we should say that galaxies are like wheels. Those wheels move wave movement, fields, and large material masses over the universe. 

That means if we make inaccurate, “about” predictions. About how large gas masses are. Like galactic superclusters behave, we can make that prediction using laptop computers. In an inaccurate model, we can think that galactic superclusters are the wheels, and the universe is like a ball around those wheels. When the system starts to simulate how the galaxies behave in a local cluster. The system uses the local cluster as a scale, and galaxies are wheels. When the system makes a model of how a galactic supercluster behaves, the local clusters are the wheels. And the last version is the universal scale. The galactic superclusters are the wheels. In the large-scale simulations. The system doesn’t notice or filter out too small actors that have no visible effect on the system. 

This system is called. A variable scale model. The idea is similar to the U.S map. If we want to look at the overview of the weather over the USA. We can use the USA as a whole. But if we want to see what the weather is over in Montana. We can take a Zoom image of the state of Montana. We can use the same computer algorithms in that area. As in larger-scale images. But the higher accuracy means that we lose the entirety. 

Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906), Austrian physicist

Can the psychohistory turn true? 

There is a possibility that the same models. Those used for simulating the universe can be used to predict how humans behave. That is called psychohistory. In the SciFi series: “The Foundation”. The idea is that the system predicts the behavior of large human groups. The system uses large human groups. And things like their states’ influence as variables that can predict how people behave. The system makes models. Using billions of people. But if that thing is possible. The system can use the same algorithms for smaller groups. 

In psychohistory, the system looks at things. That happened in the past. Then the system searches for what those things caused. And then. The system searches for details of similar events from its environment. Because people with similar personalities should behave in similar ways in similar situations. So, the system must know. How many certain types of personalities live in an area that faces certain changes? We can think. Human groups have a certain social or psychological mass, and if a certain number of people start behaving in certain ways. That psychological mass can start to pull other people with it, only if it's large enough.

The thing that causes panic is that a certain number of people in a group start to panic. When we think that four people start to panic, that might not seem like a very big thing. But if there are 10 people in one room. And there is one square meter of space. For each person. Then four people will get the larger effect. And one of those reasons is that. There is no outside effect that can suppress the panic effect. And that makes it stronger. If the head of state goes into panic, that can escalate into a very large group. If one single person goes into panic, that has no such effect. 

And then to psychohistory: can we predict how people or nations behave? Every person. With a certain personality. Behaves in certain ways. The thing that makes predictions hard. Is that. We should know. What a person’s personality is. And that’s impossible if the researchers don’t know the entire personal history of the person. 

We can take the scale of millions or billions of people. When we think about psychology and economics. There are inaccuracies. The reason for those inaccuracies is that we don’t know every person’s background. People’s experiences model our behavior. Psychological models are almost right. And they work with most people. But those models are not working with people. Whose nature is not known. We don’t know what type of humans they are if we don’t know that person’s complete history. The personality is unknown, if there is something hidden in history. 

But there should be a certain number of  non-predicted cases. Or a certain type of standard deviation  of cases that behave in a non-predictable way. This means that large, scalable surprises are not very common cases. in large-scale models. Cases like the Kennedy assassination are very rare. They are like black swans, possible but extremely rare things. There must be an acceptable  error level in all models. Some of those black swans can be predicted. We can calculate the possibilities of asteroid hits, but there is a possibility. That some asteroids can come through the defense. Sometimes asteroids are seen. Only when they pass Earth and those things cause problems. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-just-found-a-way-to-simulate-the-universe-on-a-laptop/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_constant

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Boltzmann

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychohistory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_temperature_and_pressure

Every object in orbit could be an ASAT weapon.

  Every object in orbit could be an ASAT weapon. 

Researchers are worried. That China’s space-debris catcher can turn into an ASAT, an Anti-Satellite weapon. A debris catcher can also hijack other satellites. And that is the risk for national security. Satellites are vulnerable targets in modern warfare. They also play a key role in detecting enemies and providing communication datalinks and location services for both military and civilian services. The radar satellites can also detect their own troops if they carry a transponder that shows their location to radar satellites. The problem with radar satellites is that those satellites are easy to knock out. The ASAT missile can have similar systems what regular anti-radiation missile uses when it attacks regular targets. 

The drone swarms are things that require satellite-based communication and that advance and accelerate the development of anti-satellite weapons. In some models, high-power radars send EMP pulses against satellites. High-power radar impulses can destroy the satellite's electronics. Or the system can form an electric arc around the satellite. There are systems that push satellites into the atmosphere. In the Cold War era, the Soviets made so-called “Almaz” tests. where their satellites and Almaz-space stations, like Salyut 5, tested things like machine guns against satellites. There is a possibility that some miniature shuttles have ASAT roles in the military world. 

Things like Fractional Orbital Bombardment Systems, FOBS, causes the need for rapid reaction ASAT systems that can take these kinds of things out from orbit. The Chinese space shuttle made a flight with groups of mysterious objects, and that could be the test. There, the shuttle releases  and collects FOBS weapons, “space mines,” from the orbiter. The space mine means the structure whose purpose is to close the orbiter. Sometimes, miniature satellites that the kevlar wires connect together are planned for that mission. The problem is that the space mine must be removed when own operations begin. The nukes that are positioned into the orbiter can also be used to destroy other satellites and create EMP pulses that purpose it take the defense systems out. 

Things like laser systems are used to blind satellites. But there have been systems created that can destroy a targeted satellite. Those lasers and other electromagnetic systems can have megawatt-scale power. The orbital laser-satellite, with similar lasers. Used in the metal industry can cut and damage other satellites' solar panels. 

This is one thing that we must realize. And the second thing is that every object in the orbiter is an ASAT weapon. The simplest ASAT system is the satellite that collides with another satellite. This makes micro-satellites a perfect weapon. They are tools that can observe other satellites, but they can also act as ammunition, when they collide with another satellite in the case of war. Another thing is that the simple but effective version of the kinetic energy weapons is the space shotgun. In some other versions, the system uses a giant net to capture and push the satellite out of its trajectory. 

The system uses a rocket engine. The system pumps metal balls to the nozzle. And then the exhaust gas will send those balls against the targeted satellites. Or the system can use Claymore mines. To shoot metal balls at targeted satellites. Or those satellites can rocket salvos against satellites. In some visions, the system can drive a large magnet that pulls ions from the Van Allen belt to the targeted satellites. In some versions, the regular rocket transports a large number of metal balls to the orbital trajectory, making it useless. 

The problem with the ASAT weapons is this. The orbital trajectory is full of debris. Things like debris-cleaners whose purpose is to remove space junk are also excellent ASAT systems. The satellite can be put in the plastic bag, made of mylar. And then the small satellite simply pulls it into the atmosphere. The flying garbage can that takes a satellite in the tank and returns it to the atmosphere is the thing that can hijack satellites. And that system can take them to the ground for investigations. The satellite hijackers can be used to steal data from the captured satellites. 

Things like manipulator arms are things. The system can be used to push other satellites into the atmosphere. And in some visions. The satellites that carry hypersonic parachutes for return and recycle their components can also capture other satellites into those parachutes and take their targets with them. The parachutes can make it possible to research the microchips' sustainability against cosmic radiation. The problem is that the directed energy plasmoid weapons can cause similar damage to the solar plasma flow. The plasmoid weapon can knock out other satellites. And those kinds of things can be misidentified, caused by  solar wind. 

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/08/watched-net-drift-toward-a-target-in-silence-chinas-space-debris-catcher-sparks-fears-of-covert-anti-satellite-weapon-use/

https://www.twz.com/chinas-spaceplane-has-released-multiple-mystery-objects-in-orbit

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaz

Chinese highly automated dark factories.

    Chinese highly automated dark factories. 

Chinese dark factories are so highly automated that they don’t even need light. This is the future of manufacturing. Robots working in complete darkness. Those systems are controlled by the AI. And that makes the assembly process very effective. Human-shaped robots can make almost everything that humans can. 

An advanced machine learning toolkit allows operators. To teach machines new things. very effectively. The system needs only one robot. That can make something, and then that system can scale that new skill over the entire network. That makes robots very effective workers. And maybe those ghost factories are starting to operate in Western cities. Robot factories are interesting. Especially if human-shaped robots work in that factory. 

That is the thing. That makes the AI dangerous. The ability to teach one robot and then scale that thing to all robots makes it possible to teach robot armies very effectively. The same human-shaped robot that can make cars. It can act as a robot soldier. That is one thing that we must realize. The second thing is that kinds of highly automated systems can also make other products than cars. The new stealth systems require ultimate secrecy. And the robot workers are a solution to that problem. 

The robot worker doesn’t call the newspaper. If it makes something that is not public. Another thing is that the robot worker can change its role by pressing a button. Flexible CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided Design/ Computer Aided Manufacturing) platforms that turn the CAD drawings straight to the product. Mean that the system can change the product in minutes. The factory involves 3D printers and machine workers. Those systems can make everything. They have instructions and raw materials. Those factories can make cars, aircraft, and other robots. 

That kind of thing can make many things more effectively than humans. That means those systems are the ultimate competitors for Western factories. They can make products without brakes. And that makes them ultimate operators in the military and civil sectors. The Chinese government, like all other actors, might be interested about the robot factory as a military robot producer. There is a possibility that robot factories are installed on ships. and they can build customized robots or other robot factories if they have enough raw materials. Or the ability to search for raw materials from nature. 

New drone carriers are the most dangerous things in the world.

"Illustration of the Jiu Tian drone carrier, the world's largest, poised to revolutionize military operations with drone swarms." (Rude Baguette, “This Isn’t a Ship, It’s a Swarm Factory”: China’s Giant Drone Carrier Alarms Military Analysts Worldwide) The super- and probably hypersonic applications of that system can be more effective than this drone mothership. 

The Chinese drone carrier can be only the beginning of a new type of independent drone swarm carriers. Basically, every type of system can carry drones. Satellites or ballistic missiles can also carry drone capsules. Or things like cluster bomb units can also carry drones. And that makes those systems versatile for many purposes. Regular cargo planes can drop drone swarms from high altitude. 

And things like airships and balloons can also carry capsules that can release drone swarms. A Ukrainian company introduced a small drone boat that carries another drone on its deck. Larger drones can carry more drones than those miniature systems. It’s possible to put quadcopters on the nose of underwater drones and launch those systems underwater. Artificial intelligence gives even small-sized drones the ability to make evasion movements when they detect counterfire. 

Drones can also slip into buildings and observe things like computer screens. Basically, the drone can also insert a USB stick into the targeted system and download computer viruses into that system. A logical bomb is a virus that responds to a certain signal. And that can leave the entire area without defense. A drone can also carry things like a Mesh station. That can link all data that travels on the net to the outsider eavesdropper. 

"Ukrainian unmanned riverine surface drone Ursula, developed by NoviTechNet, carrying a UAV onboard. 2025. Source: YouTube/Association of Ukrainian Engineers." (https://euromaidanpress.com/2025/07/20/drone-boat-ursula/)

NASA plans to drop six helicopters to Mars. But the same technology can be used in drone swarm operations. Images: Rude Baguette

Droneswarms can cause lots of damage in the target areas. The optical fiber makes drones immune to the standard ECM systems. But the high-power EMP can destroy those drones’ electronics. The only weakness of the fiber-optical control system is the wire. If some other drone finds that fiber, it can cut it. Or the laser system can also cut the optical fiber that is behind those drones. But the next step is the AI-controlled drone. The AI allows drones to operate independently without outside control. The laser systems, like optical wireless data transportation, also make it possible to create guidance systems that are hard to jam. 

But those systems require direct contact with the transmitter. This is why things like pseudosatellites or high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) can be the right tools for delivering drone swarms. The HAPS can itself be a robot airplane, balloon, or airship that drops those drone swarms to areas. The drone itself is a multipurpose tool that can search for missing people and give warnings about things like volcanic eruptions. But those systems can also deliver destruction and fear. The high-speed stealth interceptors that can be manned or unmanned systems can deliver drone swarms into the area. Those kamikaze-drones can search and destroy the anti-aircraft systems and keep their crews busy, when the other systems attack harder targets. 

Laser- and microwave-based systems can destroy drone swarms. But those systems must detect drones before they can act. There is always the possibility that drones can travel on the ground or underwater, and then another drone that hits a laser or microwave weapon from behind can destroy those weapons. The power that those systems use should be so high that they destroy the physical components of drone swarms. 

https://euromaidanpress.com/2025/07/20/drone-boat-ursula/

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/america-built-it-but-spain-took-it-as-us-space-balloon-pioneer-gets-snapped-up-and-sparks-furious-clash-over-tech-ownership-and-national-pride/

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/nasa-calls-it-the-skyfall-maneuver-as-plan-to-drop-6-mars-helicopters-mid-air-divides-experts-and-fuels-outrage-over-billion-dollar-space-risks/

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/this-isnt-a-ship-its-a-swarm-factory-chinas-giant-drone-carrier-alarms-military-analysts-worldwide/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-altitude_platform_station

The new drone can operate on land, in the air, and underwater.

"Illustration of a 3D-printed drone transitioning between air and water environments, generated by artificial intelligence." (Rude Baguette)

The new drone can operate on land, in the air, and underwater.

In the 1930s, the Soviet engineers tried to create the aircraft-submarine combination. That system could slip near the target underwater and launch attack systems. Then that system can fly away from that area. The problem was that technology was not advanced enough. But AI-controlled quadcopters can make it possible to create that kind of system. Theoretically, the nuclear-powered systems can make even full-size “flying submarines” possible. The system can use quadcopter technology. The new drone can dive and fly. But there is a possibility to make those drones more versatile than systems that can fly and dive. The new drone can have multiple sensors, such as sonars and radar altimeters, at the propeller frames. 

The quadcopters are less sensitive than helicopters to cases where they hit some walls if their propellers are protected by using frames. The rotating frame allows the system to travel through very narrow points. And if the system can adjust the propeller's position by pulling them together when the robot or quadcopter system swims through a narrow hole, it makes those systems more flexible than a regular helicopter can be. 

 But the smaller systems can make it possible to create systems that can fly, dive, and drive on roads. 

The new drone can operate in the air and underwater. An interesting thing in hydro- and aerodynamics is that using the same dimensions, it is possible to make many sizes of crafts from pocket-size applications to truck-size systems. The next step can be a drone that can drive on roads, fly, and travel underwater, which can slip in places where regular drones cannot operate. Those drones can travel in aircraft safety hangars. And the AI-controlled drones can stay on the ground and wait for the right moment. 

That kind of technology is the new tool for many things, from research to leisure, and military applications. The drone that can turn its propellers to push along the frame can make it possible for those systems to operate underwater. Then the propellers or propeller pairs can turn into positions that make the system a “regular” quadcopter. And finally, when the drone operator wants to drive on the road, the propeller frames act as wheels. Those drones can act as research systems, or they can even transport groups of people. 

The high-tech system operates almost independently. And that makes the system easy to handle. Those systems can be manned or unmanned. And they can be dropped from airships, aircraft, or from submarines. The ability to travel on ground, airborne, or underwater makes it possible for drones to operate in complicated situations. They can observe drain systems. They can travel in caves that can be very narrow. The ability to travel in three elements gives those drones abilities that can be used in some accident, or as a military target. 

Theoretically, that kind of drone can carry even small nuclear explosives.  Those drones can be delivered from some airships or bigger drones. And the thing is that those modern drones can be carried using manned aircraft, or some larger-sized drones, or even satellites. There are many roles that drones can play. They can travel over an area and send wake-up signals to the eavesdropping and surveillance tools that somebody has hidden in offices and other rooms.  

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/this-thing-shouldnt-even-work-viral-student-drone-stuns-engineers-as-it-flies-dives-and-swims-like-a-high-tech-beast/                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

What would you do with a pocket-sized spectrometer?

"A tiny, fast, and powerful light analyzer could soon bring lab-grade spectroscopy to your pocket. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, This Tiny Device Could Turn Your Phone Into a Lab-Grade Spectrometer)

"A team of engineers has unveiled a revolutionary mini-spectrometer that can fit on a fingertip and operate with low voltage, scanning light from UV to near-infrared in under a millisecond. "(ScitechDaily, This Tiny Device Could Turn Your Phone Into a Lab-Grade Spectrometer)

"This game-changing device replaces bulky traditional spectrometers and could soon be embedded in smartphones, unlocking powerful tools for material analysis, biomedical diagnostics, and more—right in your pocket. Its tiny photodetector shifts light sensitivity with simple voltage changes, offering speed and precision in a package smaller than a pixel." (ScitechDaily, This Tiny Device Could Turn Your Phone Into a Lab-Grade Spectrometer)

The new device transforms a normal cell phone into a lab-grade spectrometer. That kind of tool can be useful in many situations. Spectrometers can search for air pollution, pollution from water, poisonous substances, etc. People like crime-scene investigators, house inspectors, military personnel, and all interested people can use those systems for searching for chemical compounds. 

A spectrometer is a multi-use tool. It can search all types of chemical compounds. People who work in a crisis environment can search for things like nerve gases in the air using spectrometers. A pocket-sized spectrometer can give a warning about a chemical weapon. And that gives time to begin the counteractions. 

"Researchers have successfully demonstrated a spectrometer that is orders of magnitude smaller than current technologies and can accurately measure wavelengths of light from ultraviolet to the near-infrared. The technology makes it possible to create hand-held spectroscopy devices and holds promise for the development of devices that incorporate an array of the new sensors to serve as next-generation imaging spectrometers. This photo shows a series of prototype organic photodetector-based spectrometer cells. Each metal bar is a detector capable of measuring light spectra. Credit: Brendan O’Connor, NC State University" (ScitechDaily, This Tiny Device Could Turn Your Phone Into a Lab-Grade Spectrometer)

The spectrometer that cooperates with AI assistants can tell about things like harmful chemicals. And that tool can be useful in everyday life, scientific, leisure, and military worlds. The system that can search for poisonous chemicals can make our holidays successful. That kind of system can tell if we can drink some water or if some kind of food is contaminated. The thing that makes us sick is often chemicals that bacteria create in their metabolism.

The system can search for things like botulinum in meat or other toxic chemicals. If we connect a spectrometer to a telescope, that thing can tell us about the chemical environment of some other planet or distant houses. The system can also connect with microscopes that give the possibility to see chemical reactions in very small objects like cells. 

Pocket-sized spectrometers that can tell about chemical mixtures can revolutionize laboratory work and chemistry learning. Those things are useful in all cases where people want to see what some chemical compounds involve. Those things can tell how well an engine burns fuel. Or how clean water is. That kind of information can save lives. 

https://scitechdaily.com/this-tiny-device-could-turn-your-phone-into-a-lab-grade-spectrometer/