Cold-war handbook and Russian covert action against Europe.

The Cold War-era playbook. 

Today we can call all Russian intelligence services and security services “Russian intelligence services”.  The GRU, SVR, and FSB are all the same.  

Covert action and hybrid operations against Europe are real. They are not coming next year. They are here. Those operations include fake news. They include sabotage. And those things include assassinations. Today, Putin and his staff are following the Cold War playbook. In that era, the KGB and its satellite services recruited far-wing Marxists and even regular criminals to their cooperatives. Those intelligence services provided weapons and other equipment. They also provided training. 

To their operatives. The KGB and its allied services also offered safe places for those people who worked for radical Marxist groups. 

Sometimes the motivation for those actions was arson, propaganda, and even political murders. There were also many types of psychological operations. The KGB and its fellow organizations used agent provocatéurs to provoke violence in anti-NATO demonstrations. That gave martyrs to those movements. If. Some well-known people’s friends were killed in those demonstrations. That could be an introduction to police violence. The demonstrations were against Euro-missiles. And the problem was that things like Soviet missiles were completely lost. 

And people who talked against communist ideology were marked as fascists and nazis. The idea was that demonstrations seemed to come from domestic actors. The idea was to tell politicians. That. The people were against NATO. 

That was a tool. To drive political decisions. Things like the Panama Papers were an information operation. The target was political leaders. The idea was that this kind of embarrassing information could make those political leaders. To make laws that allow censorship. 

Sometimes Marxism was not the motivator. It was money or drugs. Marxism was only a cover-up. It was something. That covered the fact: the KGB ordered political murders. The KGB and its allied services targeted people to those actors. 

The KGB knew. Everybody. Those with backgrounds in Warsaw Pact countries were suspicious. They tried to recruit people with no visible connections to Eastern Europe. Recruitment happened by contacting interesting persons. The KGB tried to find out what those people needed. If. They needed money. The KGB tried to find out where they needed money. They could offer drugs. If. The person had a problem with drugs or alcohol. They offered anabolic steroids for sportsmen. They could make their results better. 

They also tried to blackmail people. If. A person had a background in the East. Their family members who lived in the East could be arrested. Or they could vanish. And the secret police representative said that if a person cooperated. That could help their family members' position. The KGB searched for people who worked in places like research laboratories for their contacts. 

The Eastern intelligence made a list of how useful each person could be. 

1) People who worked in intelligence. Or. Whose family members worked in intelligence. Or. In authorities who cooperate with intelligence. 

2) People who worked in military HQ.

3) People who worked in the military industry. 

4) People who have access to Western technology. 

5) Political influencers. They can be members of parliament. Royal family members, rock stars. Or today, social media influencers. 

6) Today,  cooperatives can establish companies that allow them to buy drones. Or open accounts on social media platforms. Or they can open access to AI tools. 

KGB and today's FSB use influencers. Like journalists and other well-known people. To change one's mind.  They were primary targets for recruiters. The KGB also searched for other influencers. Who wanted to cooperate. The Marxists instructed them to recruit wealthy people into their groups. The most wanted contacts were “useful idiots”. Wealthy kids without training are dream targets for those recruiters. 

Today, the Russian government follows that playbook. They choose local operatives as contacts. Those contacts can be MC gangs, drug addicts, or organized crime. And then the Russian intelligence starts to support them. The cooperatives get drugs, guns, and other tools. Local operatives can get their equipment and other stuff from Russian ghost ships. Drones transport weapons and drugs. And there were suspicions that the KGB sold drugs to fund their covert operations. 

Russian intelligence gives instructions on how to use those tools. Those local actors can carry out sabotage. They can shoot power lines. They can break into people´s homes. So. The actor. Who. Makes those dirty tricks.  Is not necessarily Russian. That actor can be a local person who has never visited Russia. 

The dirtiest tricks can be violent actions where Russian intelligence uses captured NATO weapons. Or they can use captured Ukrainian drones.  Electronic warfare forces those drones down. They can be reprogrammed. And. Russians can use them against Western targets. They could detonate trucks that carry explosives. 

Sabotage can involve things like false-flag attacks. It can involve things. Like. Complaints against defense industry investments. And it can involve things like drone attacks against explosive material storage and manufacturing plants. We ask, where is the limit? How far can the FSB go? We can remember things like the Polonium murder. And another case. It was the Salisbury poison attack. Those things were demonstrations. There, the line was not. Those cases were only the tip of the iceberg. There were cases. There, a person was detected. Photographing military targets. When security came. Those. Suspected spies sprayed them. Using some neurotoxin. The purpose of those actions is simple. They must demonstrate that nobody is safe. They demonstrate what happens if people dare to resist Vladimir Putin. 

The last cases were drone observations near airfields in Western Europe. There were cases in Leipzig where an explosive-carrying drone dropped to an airfield near an An-126 strategic military transporter. There was Semtex in that drone. The problem is that. Local actors can carry those drones near their targets. They can be remotely controlled from ships and aircraft. Or the control system can be on a flat. The controller can operate those drones over the internet. The control station must only be connected to the internet socket. 

The game is dirty. When a Russian agent, Vadim Krasikov, is arrested for murder. The FSB arrested a U.S. reporter. And then introduced a person swap. Krasikov returned to Russia. That person returned as a hero. And Vladimir Putin himself gave a medal. To. His hitman. Who shot his victim using a silenced Glock pistol. 

Russians use social media as an information channel. They use social media influencers as information agents. And the problem is that When. False news is released. Its. Hard to remove. Russian web influencers. They can attract especially youngsters to their channels. And then those people start to spread propaganda to them. The propaganda involves things like news about U.S. military personnel crimes in Japan. Those tales can be true. But the problem is that. Those news stories forget everything else. If. Some European tourist kills a prostitute. That will not bring any headlines. 

When we think about the illegal agents. They. Need deep backgrounds. 

Russian intelligence used people with Brazilian backgrounds. This is alarming. It´s not the same as making a false ID for bar evening. Than. Making real identities. It is completely different. That identity allows people to open bank accounts. A real identity requires a lot of work. But if the agent has that kind of identity. That offers a good tool. To establish companies. Those companies open a path to Western AI tools. And Russian intelligence can use those language models remotely. Today there are thousands of web strikes a week. Russian cyber warfare against Europe accelerates. And that continues. As. Long as. The security service has its position in Russia. This means that removing Putin is not the same as something changing. 

https://www.dw.com/en/germany-leipzig-explosive-drone-new-level-of-danger-minister/live-78241747

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/vadim-krasikov-russian-hitman-sprung-german-jail-prisoner-swap-2024-08-01/

https://news.sky.com/story/russians-and-ukrainian-held-over-alleged-spying-activities-at-albanian-military-plant-12678220

https://theins.press/en/politics/267601

https://tvpworld.com/86886320/international-counterintelligence-operation-unmasks-russian-spies-with-brazilian-identities

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Leipzig_Airport_drone_attack

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisoning_of_Alexander_Litvinenko

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisoning_of_Sergei_and_Yulia_Skripal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vadim_Krasikov

The system can create quantum-correlated photons from sunlight.

"Correlated photon pairs, generated via sunlight-pumped spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a nonlinear crystal, demonstrate ghost imaging. Credit: W. Zhang (Xiamen University) (ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Used Sunlight To Pull Off a Quantum Physics Feat Once Thought Impossible)

Ability to create quantum correlated photons using sunlight. That thing is one of the most incredible things. Quantum-correlated photons can be a new tool. For many applications. Quantum entanglements can transport energy out of the system. With ultimate accuracy. That can make it possible to control energy levels in things like Rydberg atoms. Rydberg atoms can make it possible to create an atom-sized quantum processor. 

But those quantum-correlated photons. They can make many other things. 

They can be used for quantum encryption, where the system sends information in the form of an image. The binary version works like this. If the information is sent as an image of Mickey Mouse. And the decoding algorithm accepts only this image. The system can send zero and one by blinking the image. 

If the image that the receiver sees is Mickey, it accepts the mark. But if the system sees. Some other image. It will not decrypt that data. This means that the transmitter must use a certain image. That  it can get a message through the filter. The encryption protects messages. But that protects the receiver from the harmful information. 

This type of technology. Makes the GSM telephones possible. The GSM system can send data to multiple cell phones by using the same frequency. The system uses encrypted data packages. And if the encryption key for the message is wrong, the cell phone doesn’t accept that data package. The quantum system. It makes the same thing possible in optical data transmission. 

In regular binary microchips, the higher energy level means one. And the lower energy level means zero.

But

What if a lower energy level means one and a higher means zero? 

AI-based operating systems. It can make it possible to create computers with a lower energy level. It means one in a binary system. And a higher energy level means zero. That. Oppositely, a way to think. It can make the system more secure and faster. 

And maybe in the future we can program robots. By putting them in front of computer screens. And then. The screen sends the information to the robot. By adjusting the image and light level. 

If we think oppositely. We can make faster computer processors. This means that if the computer thinks. That lower energy level in a binary system is one, and the higher is zero. That helps to separate. If the system sends zero. Or electricity is cut. 

A certain light level can mean one. And another level can be zero. If the system uses an AI-based operating system, a higher light level, or a brighter screen, it can mean zero. And the lower light level. It can mean one. This. Kind of opposite. Way to think. It can help to solve the problem of zero. If the lower energy level is one and the upper is zero, that can make it easier to detect if the system is shut down. When the energy level is lower than a certain value, that means one. And if there is no electricity in the wire, the system interprets that. As a cut of electricity in the wire. 

And one of those applications is the protective field. Which we can call that thing. The extremely low-energy quantum-corrected photons can pull energy from the cosmic rays before they hit the spacecraft. These kinds of photon clouds can also protect quantum entanglements in quantum computers. They can pull energy out from radiation that disturbs the quantum systems. And that decreases interferences. 

And another thing is this. If. A low-energy photon swarm can be shot against the laser beams that photon swarm can pull energy out from that beam. This means that. These kinds. Of extreme. Low-energy photons. They can deny the use of the laser scanners. Or control energy levels in one radiation string. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-just-used-sunlight-to-pull-off-a-quantum-physics-feat-once-thought-impossible/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rydberg_atom

Nanopores are magnificent tools.

"Cell Membrane Nanopores Releasing IonsA representation of a cell membrane (rice) with nanopores (broccoli) releasing ions (seeds). Credit: Aleksandra Radenovic/EPFL"  (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover How Tiny “Nanopores” Learn Like the Brain)

"Scientists found that nanopores’ electrical charges control how ions flow and when pores temporarily shut down. The discovery could allow engineers to design nanopores that “learn” like synapses for next-generation computing.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover How Tiny “Nanopores” Learn Like the Brain)

“Pore-forming proteins appear across many forms of life. In humans, they help protect the body by supporting immune defenses. In bacteria, they often function as toxins that create openings in cell membranes. These natural pores regulate the movement of ions and molecules, and their precise control over molecular transport has made them valuable in biotechnology, including DNA sequencing and molecular sensing.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover How Tiny “Nanopores” Learn Like the Brain)

Nanopores can act as artificial neurotransmitters. And they can also revolutionize medicine. And others. Types of technology. Those technologies are things. Like miniature sonar technology...

Learning nanopore. It is the tool for the next-generation machine intelligence. Learning nanopores can act like neurotransmitters in the next-generation computers. If.  A nanopore is made of an electrolytic liquid. It can act as a small hard disk that transports data between the transmitter and receiver. The system can use a small electromagnetic system. Like, a miniaturized nanoradiotransmitter to write information on those nanopores. Those nanopores can operate between processors. These operate as artificial neurons. And those nanopores act as neurotransmitters or chemical qubits. The system can create those pores and then recycle the liquid that it uses. That can make it possible. To use those pores in neuro- and quantum computers. 

Nanopores can act as a chemical capsule. For viruses and other chemicals. Nanopore. It can transport very reactive chemicals. Like white phosphorus. In the wanted points. In military technology. Nanopore can transport neuro-agents like VX past the sensors. In that case, a chemical weapon is encapsulated. Into the soap. Or some other non-poisonous transporter. That chemical agent is enclosed in the nanobubbles. And when those bubbles are broken. By using an acoustic signal. Or some kind of flame, like napalm, lasers, and microwaves. That releases the nerve agent. 

Nanopore is. One of the most interesting things. In modern chemistry. It can act as a platform that allows long lipedi molecules to form on its shell.  Nanopores and micropores can be used. To take samples from humans or other things. The nanopore can close things. Like. Viruses or some other cells inside them. The pore will surround the object. And then the nanomachine can transport that captured thing away. 

The nanopore can act as an acoustic resonator. Acoustic signals can make those pores oscillate. And that makes them multiply themselves. So, a nanopore can fill the cells. Block the veins. And that makes them useful in medical use. This thing also makes them suitable for the new types of weapons. There is a possibility. The nanopore can interact with ions. Or it can have amino acids on its shell. If. The nanopore is made of the receiver’s own body fluids. That opens the path. To transport viruses into the desired cells. 

Those amino acids can act as carrier proteins. That makes cells transport it to the right objects. The ion transporter makes it possible. To control the nanopore with magnetic fields. And that is one of the biggest things in this kind of system. Today, it is possible. To create a nanopore by using pistons that move back and forth in a small chamber. Another possibility is to use the whisk that rotates in the chamber. 

The system can also use chemical things to make those pores. The carbon acid creates bubbles in water. Or the system can use electrolysis. For. The bubble making. Nanopore itself can be effective. The system can make them from the environment. The nanobubble or nanopore can transport molecules. The idea is that the nanopore is made from blood plasma. And then the medical molecules or viruses will be put inside those pores. The pore itself. Denies the immune system reaction against those viruses. This thing makes those pores an ultimate tool for gene therapy. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-uncover-how-tiny-nanopores-learn-like-the-brain/

Portable nuclear reactors can revolutionize technology.

Portable nuclear technology is the tool. That offers new energy solutions for new types of systems. The problem is that the military. And other types of infrastructure. Require lots of energy. 

New AI-based systems. Like adapting camouflage. And especially drones are problematic things. The AI requires lots of energy, and in the same way. Defense against drone swarms requires directed energy weapons. Those directed energy weapons require electricity. The Shahed-136-type drones can give. All platforms have an attack range of about 1000 kilometers. 

The small drone with a hollow warhead. It can cause lethal damage. If. It hits the nuclear submarines. Small nuclear systems. Can offer new types of abilities to small systems. Plutonium batteries offer a small drone. It uses an electric engine and a propeller. Unlimited. Operational range. Those drones can be airborne, underwater unmanned vehicles (UUV), and surface drones. 

A portable nuclear reactor fits in a truck. “'ZEUS' NANO Nuclear Energy's Portable and On-Demand Advanced Nuclear Micro Reactor Design”(Yahoo.com)

Portable, or miniature nuclear reactors. It can give a new capacity. To a small submarine. Like the Swedish A26 (The Blekinge) class. The Swedish A26 is a silent diesel-electric submarine that uses air-independent diesel-electric engines. Those submarines are shown to be effective when they could damage or even destroy the U.S fleet carrier during a naval drill. That submarine can be even more effective. If. It can have nuclear engine ability. 

That so-called micro reactors can offer. Micro-sized nuclear reactors. Are planned. To use as a portable energy solution for military operations and anti-drone systems. But they can also give. New abilities in all types of logistics. From trucks and other vehicles. Those systems can offer aircraft and ships almost unlimited operational range. Small-sized systems. That offers electricity. And heat to limited areas. Can make the networked energy solutions possible also in civil infrastructure. 

https://www.armyrecognition.com/news/navy-news/2025/discover-how-saabs-a26-fifth-generation-submarine-boosts-swedens-strength-beneath-waters

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nano-nuclear-energy-inc-announces-120000498.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmluZy5jb20v&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAACRyl7gUv28nVYyu7lY1u6o-4vMiVjTRVdOzqkFK3TCyFZcmjfEkqAwOzSy9mpTqaGZ7JSdnkx-mDzT6CK-Gnjfp5XWzd_19ztuWsAiGN7-oZVzztMYQsgTmbsIMu7LhfzbxtMLKyXy2fLHBPsyWSP_fB86EwutPRBkRRw8CtskR

https://www.globenewswire.com/Tr/news-release/2024/06/18/2900395/0/en/NANO-Nuclear-Energy-Senior-Director-and-Head-of-Reactor-Design-Prof-Massimiliano-Fratoni-Honored-at-American-Nuclear-Society-s-Annual-Conference-2024-and-Awarded-the-Untermyer-Cisl.html

https://www.greenmemag.com/science-technology/the-portable-nuclear-reactor-that-could-run-for-three-years/

https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2020/10/saabs-a26-submarine-program-transitioning-from-design-to-production/

https://www.twz.com/sea/poland-to-buy-advanced-new-a26-submarines-from-sweden

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blekinge-class_submarine

Are you ready for the new advances in the military world?

Su-57 “Felon”

The problem with the Russian military is that. It learns from its mistakes. There is a hole in Western defense. Western military requires. An Hesa Shahed-136-type drone that can be cheap. And easy to produce. The Russian military uses those drones in both deep-penetrating and tactical missions. The Shahed uses infrared and remote control guidance systems. There might be versions with the anti-radiation guidance systems. That ammunition can fly over the battlefield. And when somebody opens the radio or ECM system, the drone will attack those jammer stations. The Russian Shahed-136 drones are laying anti-tank mines. 

Shahed-136

The fact is that these kinds of systems are quite easy to jam. But there is a possibility. Shahed drones will get new frightening updates. Things like high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warheads allow those drones to attack armoured targets. There is a possibility that some drones can have. The neutron-bomb-based HEAT warheads can aim high-energy plasma at the target. These types of systems can be dangerous to large warships or bunkers. 

Geran-3

The lack of artificial intelligence can make those drones deadlier than they already are. The large-sized drones are easy to transform. Into systems that are immune to jammers. The system can use a terrain-contour matching (TERCOM) system, which is combined with an inertial navigation system. The AI allows the creation of a system that can automatically. Attack ground- or aerial targets. 

The jet-engine-powered glide bombs: The UMPK-PD under a Su-34 Fullback, with an extended tubular section believed to hold the turbojet engine. (Image credit: Telegram/X)(The Avionist)

Those drones. A future version of Geran-3 type drones. That drone can have afterburners that allow it to reach supersonic speed. It can be dangerous. Against large-sized aircraft and other targets. Russia claims. It has given updates to the Su-57. And we can certainly hope that those updates are not Geran-3 jet drones under the wings of that aircraft. 

Russian Drones

Russia creates a new military branch to develop drone warfare. This is one of the things that we should realize. Drones are becoming more. And more intelligent and lethal. Russians developed the jet-engined glide bombs. Those emerged Ukrainian warriors. But there is a possibility that the Russian government is researching the possibility of their new Jet-engined Geran-3 drones. Can be installed on Su-35 or Su-57. The range of Geran-3 is over 1000 km. And that will give those jet fighters ultimate long-range strike capacity. 

Su-34 "Fullback"

The fact is that the artificial intelligence-based homing systems. Thar uses the image-recognition system in the last part of the trajectory. It could be an even more lethal system. If the large-sized drone uses the inertial navigation at the beginning of its route, and finalizes its mission with an image-recognition system. It is a very nasty tool. The AI-based systems allow the drone to select the route and formation that are as hard as possible. To defenders. 

Su-35 "Flanker E/M" or, "Super Flanker"

https://defensemirror.com/news/39493/Russia_s_Geran_3_Jet_Powered_Kamikaze_Drone_Ready_for_Operations

https://theaviationist.com/2025/10/25/russia-new-jet-powered-glide-bomb/

https://www.twz.com/air/su-57-with-new-upgrade-options-russia-claims-first-foreign-delivery-has-already-occurred

https://www.twz.com/news-features/russia-creates-new-military-branch-dedicated-to-drone-warfare

https://www.twz.com/news-features/russias-jet-powered-shahed-kamikaze-drone-is-a-big-problem-for-ukraine

https://www.twz.com/air/russias-shahed-long-range-drones-are-now-dropping-anti-tank-mines

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HESA_Shahed_136

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-34

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-35

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-57

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TERCOM

Measurement of energy levels in a quantum clock requires much more energy than its running.

“Researchers found that measuring a quantum clock consumes vastly more energy than the clock’s own operation—up to a billion times more. Scientists learned that reading a quantum clock requires orders of magnitude more energy than running it. This surprising imbalance reveals that observation itself shapes the flow and thermodynamics of time. Credit: SciTechDaily.com“ (ScitechDaily, Researchers found that measuring a quantum clock consumes vastly more energy than the clock’s own operation—up to a billion times more.)

The energy cost in quantum timekeeping is. An interesting thing. The requirement for successful quantum technology is the ability to measure energy levels in quantum structures. The quantum-size clocks are required. If we want to make atomic-sized microchips. In those microchips, transistors can involve only three atoms. And those three atoms can form the emitter, base, and collector. If those atomic-size structures are possible. 

That is the revolution in technology. But those systems require quantum-sized clocks that synchronize their operations. The quantum-sized. Or nanosized microchips are similar things. As the so-called regular microchips. Their size is just smaller. They also require very accurate clocks. Quantum clocks can also be used. In the new types of pocket-sized inertial navigation systems. The system must only  measure the beginning position and the speed of the actor. 

The gyroscope registers the changes in direction. And the system uses a clock to measure the distance. Of the traveling. The system calculates the speed and the time. The actor uses the (s=vt) (Journey = speed*time) formula to calculate the journey, or the vector between two waypoints. The system can handle.  Even hundreds of waypoints. That gives inertia high accuracy.

The inertia determines the beginning point and measures the speed. And the simplest way to make that kind of measurement. If the speed changes. Is to determine the.New beginning point . Every time the speed and direction change. 

This system makes it possible. To create a GPS-free system that is impossible to jam. The problem with those systems is that clocks and gyroscopes should be small enough. The system should involve at least two gyroscopes. When the actor changes direction. The system switches the gyroscope and starts the new measurement series. The system requires a speed meter that can be a radar. Or a laser-based system . That allows users to use this inertial even while walking. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-uncover-a-hidden-energy-cost-in-quantum-timekeeping/

The new discovery can play a key role in developing new, fast, and low-energy microchips.

"Scientists have uncovered how tiny magnetic waves can produce electric signals inside materials, potentially transforming computing efficiency. University of Delaware engineers have shown that magnetic waves called magnons can create electric signals, bridging two key forces in computing. Their work points toward chips that operate faster and more efficiently by eliminating wasted energy. Credit: Shutterstock. " (ScitechDaily, This Magnetic Discovery Could Be the Key to Ultrafast, Low-Energy Chips)

The discovery is named magnon, or actually. It is the magnon's ability to transmit magnetic waves in structures. “A magnon is a quasiparticle, a collective excitation of the spin structure of an electron in a crystal lattice. In the equivalent wave picture of quantum mechanics, a magnon can be viewed as a quantized spin wave. Magnons carry a fixed amount of energy and lattice momentum, and are spin-1, indicating they obey boson behavior.” (Wikipedia, Magnon) 

The ability to transmit information between atoms, or atomic-scale quantum dots, requires methods that don’t disturb the material. The magnetic wave that travels between atoms doesn’t cause as much heat as regular electric flows. Magnetic waves don’t oscillate matter as much as electricity. And that makes it possible to create smaller and smaller microchips. One of the problems with computers is heat. Every time electricity travels through a wire, it faces resistance. The thing. That causes resistance. This is the so-called Hall effect. 

There is a small part of electricity that jumps backward from atoms and forms a standing wave. So, for jumping through that standing wave or potential barrier, the system must pump more and more energy into the wave. The standing wave acts like a dam. That collects energy behind it. And that effect continues until energy can travel over that dam. This is why wires should be kept as short as possible. In the small microchips. Even a small anomaly. Has a big effect. 

The problem with superconductors is that the superconducting microchip cannot control electric flow in the same way as a semiconductor. In semiconductor. Electric impulses control the electrical flow by adjusting the resistance in the semiconductor. The semiconductor is an insulator and a conductor. At the same time. That ability is needed at the gate. When a semiconductor is in the state of an insulator. That point will not let electricity travel through it. That means the gate is closed. And when the semiconductor is in the conductor state, the gate is open. And electricity can travel through it. And when the gate is closed, the state in the wire is zero. When the gate is open, the state in the wire is one. 

In superconducting microchips, the laser can be used to make those gates. The laser system can heat the superconducting material. And that removes superconductivity. The laser system forms a gate in the superconductor. The problem with those systems is that they need very low energy levels. If the energy level in the impulse is too high. That means energy travels over that thermal gate. The superconducting computer. It can be the answer to compact AI systems. Those microchips make it possible to create laptops and even pocket-sized systems. That can have a calculating capacity. That beats some of the supercomputers. Those systems require pocket-sized superconducting technology. And maybe. Nano-sized pressure and cooling systems can turn them into reality.

https://scitechdaily.com/this-magnetic-discovery-could-be-the-key-to-ultrafast-low-energy-chips/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall_effect

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasiparticle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor