Moving cities and mega-ships: could that fantasy turn real?

Originally, some people said that caravans could form a moving village. And then somebody turned that idea into a fantasy where city-size vehicles travel around Earth. Another thing that fed those ideas was the moving launch pad. That NASA uses to carry rockets into their launch sites.

The idea of moving cities might seem like a fantasy. The model for giant moving vehicles that can be city-size is taken from the idea that the NASA tractor that it uses to transport rockets to their launching site can turn into a moving building.

In that vision, the giant self-moving system turned into a moving base that could operate on the moon's surface or in underwater conditions. In another version, this giant moving building could be equipped with an air cushion and turn into a giant hovercraft.

The second film above tells about the world's largest ships. And somebody might imagine houses in place of containers. It's possible to transform those megaships into moving villages.

In some fantasy visions, about 100 of those tractors or moving launch pads can be connected by using plates.

And there could be houses or other buildings on those plates. Another version is the large hovercraft that can connect moving cities and mega-ships together. That kind of system is, of course, very large. When we think about the possibility of making large robot bodies where people can live, those things might make the moving city possible. But in those cases, the problem is in motivation. Why does somebody want to fund that kind of project?

LOFAR unveils the unintended electromagnetic echoes of Starlink satellite.

The network of satellites is a useful tool. If the satellites are forming a layer that covers the entire Earth that kind of network can be an extremely useful tool for location, recon, and power supply by using wireless power transmission. The satellite network with telescopes can see every single missile launch on Earth if those satellites can cover an area that is large enough. The satellites can have anti-ASAT systems that can protect them against physical ASAT weapons like anti-satellite missiles. 

The unintended echoes of low-flying satellites are problematic things. Unintended electromagnetic echoes form when electromagnetic radiation impacts satellites. And then that radiation reflects from those objects. The fact is that the reflection of electromagnetic radiation is the thing. That makes a major part of electromagnetic fingerprints of space junk. In the past, the U.S. Air Force researched the possibility to make an electromagnetic shield around Earth by using pins.

The idea was good pins act like Tesla coils. The practical problem was that those pins must be precisely on the same level. And that requires extremely highly accurate positioning of those pins.  But the system requires that those pins are at the same level and all of those pins are in the same direction. If that kind of form of pins is possible to make that system. It can make it possible to create a radio-wave layer between those pins.  

"Figure 1: Artist’s impression of a large satellite constellation in low-Earth orbit circling above the LOFAR telescope. Credit: Daniëlle Futselaar (artsource.nl)" (ScitechDaily.com/LOFAR Uncovers Starlink’s Secret: Unintended Electromagnetic Emissions From SpaceX’s Satellites)

"Scientists have used the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) telescope to observe unintended electromagnetic radiation from SpaceX’s satellites. This radiation, different from regular communication signals, may disrupt astronomical research. The study calls for regulation to protect radio astronomy from such unintended radiation and commends SpaceX for collaborating on mitigation efforts".(ScitechDaily.com/LOFAR Uncovers Starlink’s Secret: Unintended Electromagnetic Emissions From SpaceX’s Satellites)

There is the possibility to create an artificial ionosphere for the moon using Tesla coils. The radiowaves travel between those pins. And the pike aims those radiowaves to the moon. 

If multiple power satellites aim their lasers at one point, they can destroy Earth's surface. The thing is this, the same satellites used as the power supply can use in ASAT(Anti-Satellite) and ABM (Anti-Ballistic Missile)missions. 

There are plans for sending power satellites that send energy to the ground by using lasers, radio masers, or microwaves. Those satellites could benefit high energy ions of the Van Allen belt. And in that passive system satellite, or network of relay satellites can make the system that can send electricity wirelessly to every point on the Earth. 

The problem is that multiple satellites can connect their power and aim their transmitters at one point. That system acts like Death Star's laser. That kind of modular system could be very much powerful. If multiple laser satellites aim their laser at one point that can make those systems dangerous also to the ground objects. 

The system can give energy to high-flying aerial vehicles. The system can harvest energy from the Earth's ion belts. But it also can benefit radio waves that are sent from the ground stations. This kind of system can connect the power satellite and communication tools into one entirety. 

Intelligent technology is the future of agriculture.

In some visions, the cereal can be two species. While those plants are growing. They can have the same ability with sundews. They can eat bugs, and when those plants are ready they can transform into normal cereals. The idea for this xenomorph vegetable is that by connecting two DNAs the researchers can create a vegetable that can turn into another vegetable when farmers need to reap it. 

The ability to manipulate the DNA makes it possible to create new types of crops. Those crops can create antibiotics while they grow or they can be poisonous while they are green. When they turn ripe, those artificial crops can remove their poison. 

Biotechnology and advanced nanotechnology make it possible to create new biological products. The next-generation artificial crops can use to make things like medicines. Or by making hybrids with things, like hemp and the cells that make the spider web. This thing makes it possible to create next-generation ropes that are stronger than steel. That is one version of what intelligent nanotechnology can make. 

In some visions the biotechnical furs and skin replace animals. The ethic skin means animal skin made of cloned skin cells. Those skin cells will produce in a petri dish. And they can use a similar way with "natural skin". Another thing is that the same technology can use for producing skin transplants for humans. 

"Barath Raghavan, an associate professor at USC Viterbi, is pioneering “computational agroecology,” a novel approach to sustainable agriculture that utilizes computational tools to design diverse, optimal farming ecosystems. The researchers have conceptualized agriculture as a search through a “state space,” which comprises all possible configurations of a system, such as a farm, enabling farmers and researchers to explore, simulate and find optimal combinations of various factors like crop selection, soil type, weather conditions, irrigation, and pest control, potentially revolutionizing farming planning and techniques". (ScitechDaily.com/Computational Agroecology – The Future of Farming)

The miniature robots that can use to clean plantations from bugs are poison-free application that uses AI to control the nutrients and water of the system. The AI can use small-size robots to keep harmful bugs away. Or the system can use microchipped ants and other cyborg bugs to clean the plantation. 

One thing that makes miniature robots suitable for protecting plantations is that they are multi-use tools. The robot can clean fungus from grain stalks. And the same system can remove all bugs that can danger the plantation. 

AI is an ultimate tool when the system must control large entireties. The AI can observe things like plantations with very high accuracy. The top level of these kinds of visions is the entirety. Nanotechnical computers can observe the things like poisons and water levels with nutrients from every single grain of straw. 

The nanocomputers can be driven to the leaves of those straws. And they can use the flow in the grain straw veins as a power source. Those nanotechnical computers can look like small bugs that push their legs in the veins. There are small water wheels that give energy to those robot mites. Those systems can communicate with each other by using laser LEDs. If there is enough large number of those miniature robots the system can observe every single grain of straw until the grain is cut. Before the reaping the system calls those miniature robots away. 

https://scitechdaily.com/computational-agroecology-the-future-of-farming/

New waves in superconductivity.

Superconducting materials are important things in computing. The superconducting nanowires allow transporting data without losing its form. Superconduction makes it possible to create small mass memories and hard disks. The superconducting hard disks are only metal wires whose atoms are in the low energy level. That removes oscillation from the structure. And then this metal wire can store information in its original form. 

Superconductivity is one of the most promising things in nanotechnical microchips. The reason why nontechnical microchips require superconductivity is simple. Those extremely small components require very low voltages or electricity jumps over routers. Superconductivity is the thing that keeps data in its form while it travels in an extremely thin cable. The origin of superconductivity research is in the photoelectric phenomenon. 

"In this illustration of the superconducting material Eu-1144, the blue and magenta wave shown above the crystal lattice represents how the energy level of the electron pairs (yellow spheres) spatially modulates as these electrons move through the crystal. Credit: Brookhaven National Laboratory" (ScitechDaily/Superconductivity Breakthrough: First Direct Visualization of a Zero-Field Pair Density Wave)

When a light impulse hits the silicon layer that releases electrons from those atoms. And that makes things like photovoltaic cells and solar panels possible. The reason why the photoelectric phenomenon happens in pure silicon is that silicon is tighter than iron. Because silicon atoms are close to each other the released electron or wave movement from the atom stressed with photons pushes the electron out from its trajectory. 

In silicon is no free space where energy or wave movement cannot go. The free space between atoms causes standing waves in the material. When electron or wave movement travels between atoms they must cross the standing wave. Also, the oscillation of atoms sends wave movement that resists information (electron or wave movement). That thing is resistance. 

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The requirement for superconductivity is this. The distance between atoms must be minimum. And the other thing is this. The system must remove the oscillation of those atoms. 

The most common way to make superconduction is simply to decrease temperature. Another thing is that the atoms are locked on a layer by using pressure or electromagnetic fields. Those systems are suitable for 2D materials. The 2D structure is easy to lock on the layer created by carbonite glass or some ultra-tight and ultra-slight layer. 

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A traditional superconducting system decreases the wire's temperature. That process minimizes free space between those wire's atoms. The extremely low energy level causes a situation. That those atoms cannot oscillate as in warmer systems. When atoms oscillate. They send wave movement that will superconduct we must realize that the material must be very tight.  

Free space between atoms is the thing that makes superconducting impossible. If atoms when some kind of stress impacts those atoms or their electron shell the energy travels across that system. The interaction between electrons in the superconducting wires looks like a series of metal balls. The atoms are close enough to each other that energy travels through quantum fields in superconducting materials. That denies resistance. Otherwise saying: the closer the atoms are to each other, the lower the resistance.

The solar wind can give ideas for new types of ion engines.

The Parker solar probe found a new magnetic field on the Sun, that pushes plasma to a speed,  higher than the escaping velocity. And that magnetic pushing effect is one of the things. That creates the solar wind. The solar wind is the particle flow out from the sun. The magnetic field that pushes ions to speed that makes those particles travel out from the sun's gravitational field is an interesting tool for maglev (Magnetic levitation system). 

Normal maglev technology uses the repel of the same polar magnets that push objects above the ground. The problem with traditional maglev systems is this. They are connected with fixed platforms like railroads and other surfaces. The magnets are on that platform. And then they will push the craft or train up. 

The ion-based maglev systems give freedom and make the craft free from platforms. The idea is simple. The system creates the plasma (ionized gas) cloud under it. The thing that makes the plasma could be laser-ray. Or it could be some other type of electromagnetic system. The idea is that the system creates a cushion or plasma could that acts like repelling magnets. 

The system can create the mono-ion field by separating anions from that field by using magnets. The system must drive those anions to the point where they have minimum effect on the thing. That must levitate. This kind of system that use external plasma fields can drive the crafts at a very high speed. The surface plasmon polaritons can push ionized gas away from the aircraft's route. 

In that case, the polaritons are in the aerodynamic pike. But there is a possibility that this kind of system can make the plasma wave behind the aircraft. The idea of that system is that another ion system pushes plasma to that ion wave. 

Then those ions reflect from the plasma and give thrust to the system. This kind of plasma pulse system uses two tracks. The first track pulls ions over the surface of the craft. And focus them behind it. Then another plasma system shoots another ion flow to that ion wave. The system can be installed in a saucer-shaped craft. And by using routers the system can adjust the place of the ion wave. And reflecting ions will shoot to that wave by using radially installed ion cannons. 

Along with surface plasmon polaritons, the system can make this kind of technology more effective. The idea is that the surface plasmon polaritons are pushing the plasma away from the shell. In some of the most futuristic ideas, the surface plasmon polariton can use to turn things like water molecules in the same position. And that allows to create the mono-frequent EM waves on the shell. 

https://scitechdaily.com/improved-thermal-conductivity-in-semiconductors-heat-transfer-using-surface-plasmon-polaritons/

https://scitechdaily.com/parker-solar-probe-finds-magnetic-energy-near-suns-surface-enables-solar-wind-to-reach-gravity-defying-speeds/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_plasmon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_plasmon_polariton

The many faces of AI

AI and machine learning are revolutionizing the business world. The AI can search multiple objects at the same time. And it can buy and sell to multiple targets at the same time. So that thing makes it possible that AI cannot lose in stock marketing. 

The AI is a tool that is here to stay. We know that some people want to deny the development of the AI. The problem is that this kind of advantage turns the underground. And things like authoritarian governments and criminals can offer money to developers. This is a big problem in the world of AI. The code itself is free. And everybody who has deep knowledge of coding can make the AI. 

The AI is an ultimate tool in intelligence and military operators' hands. There is the possibility that there is a militarized version of the ChatGPT and that system could be more dangerous than nobody expected. The militarized AI that runs on quantum computers is the ultimate tool in the computing world. 

Machine learning is not black and white. There are multiple things that AI can make. Same way robotics are not good or bad. The purpose of robots determines whether are they good or bad. If we are middle of a conflict the opponent is bad. And that justifies the use of necessary force against that "bad". 

Everything that robots makes. Is programmed by the programmers and the robot itself does nothing. The robot is only a shell, controlled by computers. Another thing that makes robots good or bad is their access to systems that affect the environment. 

The same robot, that carries pizza into a certain GPS point. Can also drop a grenade to the other point. That means the only purpose determines is AI or robots good or bad. And then the ability to make something like getting weapons determines can a robot do something. 

But we don't realize that AI with quantum computing is a dangerous tool in itself. There is the possibility that the network-based AI can make DDOS attacks against military servers. Things like wireless systems, for example, BlueTooth allow AI can communicate with humans. The system must hack earphones or the computer's loudspeakers. And then it can start communicating with people. 

Learning machines are allowing people to make perfect fakes. Machine learning allows the AI can trace the letters of certain people. The system must just see the text that somebody writes. And then it can trace the style by calculating the average style and phrases. That targeted person writes on the letters. The AI can measure the interest of the target by following how long the target spends with certain letters. 

Today the internet is a more complicated interconnected system than ever before. The interconnection makes it possible, that one data security fail can give hackers access to multiple databases. So the AI can interconnect data from different sources for making certain user profiles. 

https://scitechdaily.com/giving-robots-rights-is-a-bad-idea-but-confucianism-offers-an-alternative/?expand_article=1

AI can be suitable assitent for the R&D process.

AI like Bing and ChatGPT are ultimate tools. If the person asks then how to make a database connection or GUI with the C-language the AI answers immediately. The AI makes the code that the programmer can copypaste to the programming environment, and then they must just know the name of the connected database. 

That thing will decrease the work that must be done for working applications. And in business life is money. This means programming is easy and fun by using the AI -assistant. And that assistant can use by using own cell phone. The free-use AI assistants can give multiple pieces of advice about many things. And that makes the AI an extremely powerful tool. 

There are images of the aircraft and hypersonic aircraft concepts created by the AI. So those things might not exist in real life. The AI-based drawing tool like Dall-E can be a revolution for R&D workers. They might use the Dall-E to make outlines. That they see what they should do in their projects. 

But if the AI will get access to flow simulations, wind tunnel data, and CAD programs. There is the possibility. In the future, the user can say, "Make me the plans for a fully functioning aircraft model. The AI can select the materials, and fuel, and make the parts list that creators must use. 

The orders were: 

Draw me a hypersonic aircraft

Add some weapons to it (That was one of the model suggestions, that Bing gave). 

This is a conversation I had with Bing AI about C programming and database connection. 

The links are not working in the copypaste. But in the original Bing output, the links went to the right homepages. Below those C-codes. You can find the conversation that I had with Bing AI about the hypersonic flight.

Questions made by me. And answers are from Bing. The answers are copypaste from Bing. And that shows how powerful a tool it is. If some freeware tool can make this, what the commercial systems can make? The links are not working in the copypaste. But in the original Bing output, the links went to the right homepages. 

Q: How to make a connection between the database and C-program

A: To connect to a database with a C program, you need to use a data access library that supports the database you are using. For example, if you are using MySQL, you can use the MySQL Connector/C library1. If you are using SQL Server or Azure SQL Database, you can use the SQLAPI++ library2. If you are using Oracle, you can use the Oracle C++ Call Interface (OCCI) library3.

The general steps to connect to a database with a C program are:

Include the header files of the data access library in your code.

Declare and initialize a connection object with the database parameters (such as host, user, password, etc.).

Use the connection object to connect to the database and check for errors.

Use the connection object to execute SQL queries and retrieve results.

Use the connection object to disconnect from the database and free resources.

Here is an example of connecting to a MySQL database with C using the MySQL Connector/C library:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <mysql.h>

int main()

{

    // Declare a connection object

    MYSQL *conn;

    // Initialize the connection object

    conn = mysql_init(NULL);

    // Check if initialization succeeded

    if (conn == NULL)

    {

        printf("Error %u: %s\n", mysql_errno(conn), mysql_error(conn));

        exit(1);

    }

    // Connect to the database

    if (mysql_real_connect(conn, "localhost", "user", "password", "database", 0, NULL, 0) == NULL)

    {

        printf("Error %u: %s\n", mysql_errno(conn), mysql_error(conn));

        exit(1);

    }

    printf("Connected to MySQL\n");

    // Execute a SQL query

    if (mysql_query(conn, "SELECT * FROM table"))

    {

        printf("Error %u: %s\n", mysql_errno(conn), mysql_error(conn));

        exit(1);

    }

    // Get the result set

    MYSQL_RES *result = mysql_store_result(conn);

    // Check if result set is valid

    if (result == NULL)

    {

        printf("Error %u: %s\n", mysql_errno(conn), mysql_error(conn));

        exit(1);

    }

    // Get the number of rows and columns in the result set

    int num_rows = mysql_num_rows(result);

    int num_fields = mysql_num_fields(result);

    printf("Number of rows: %d\n", num_rows);

    printf("Number of columns: %d\n", num_fields);

    // Loop through the result set and print each row

    MYSQL_ROW row;

    while ((row = mysql_fetch_row(result)))

    {

        for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++)

        {

            printf("%s\t", row[i] ? row[i] : "NULL");

        }

        printf("\n");

    }

    // Free the result set

    mysql_free_result(result);

    // Disconnect from the database

    mysql_close(conn);

    printf("Disconnected from MySQL\n");

    return 0;

}

More info on

1. stackoverflow.com

2. learn.microsoft.com

3. geeksforgeeks.org

This is a conversation I had with Bing AI about hypersonic flight. 

Q: What is the best fuel for hypersonic aircraft

A:  According to some sources12, hydrogen has been the fuel of choice for hypersonic flight because of its rapid burning rate, high specific energy content, and good heat transfer properties for active cooling and recuperation. However, some researchers are also exploring the use of endothermic hydrocarbon fuels that can absorb heat via chemical reactions and double as a coolant3.

More info on

1. researchgate.net

2. arc.aiaa.org

3. cen.acs.org

Q: What is the best material for hypersonic aircraft?

There is no single best material for hypersonic aircraft, as different parts of the vehicle may require different materials and structures to withstand the high aerodynamic heating and thermal stresses. Some of the materials and structures that have been proposed or developed for hypersonic vehicles include:

Thermal protection systems (TPS): These are materials that insulate the vehicle from the high temperatures generated by air friction. They can be classified into passive or active TPS. Passive TPS are materials that either ablate (erode away) or radiate heat to the environment, such as carbon phenolic composites or ceramic tiles. Active TPS are materials that use cooling fluids or endothermic fuels to remove heat from the surface, such as metallic heat pipes or transpiration cooling1.

Hot structures: These are materials that can operate at high temperatures without insulation or cooling, such as metallic alloys or ceramic matrix composites (CMC). Hot structures can reduce the weight and complexity of the vehicle, but they also require high strength, toughness, and thermal stability2.

Ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTC): These are materials that can withstand temperatures above 2000°C, such as zirconium diboride (ZrB2) or hafnium diboride (HfB2). UHTC can be used for leading edges, nose tips, or other critical parts of the vehicle that experience the highest heating. UHTC can also provide oxidation resistance and ablation resistance in oxygen-rich environments3.

More info on

1. ntrs.nasa.gov

2. arc.aiaa.org

3. link.springer.com

This is a very fast and quite accurate method to use AI for making texts and giving sources for that kind of thing. So AI is the next-generation tool for helping the R&D process.