The new sensors benefit information about living organs and quantum technology.

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Researchers found near atomic-scale detail in the mechanism of hearing.

Researchers found near atomic-scale detail in the mechanism of hearing. This allows us to create new types of sensors. Which are suitable for robots. Those systems make it possible to connect the microchips to the sensors of some animals. And those systems can send data on how those animals see and hear things. 

Knowledge of some senses and their interaction with the neural system is an important thing. The problem with small-size sensors and biological sensors is solving how the sensor interacts with electric systems. 

If researchers can someday build an artificial ear that works in the same way,  as the real ear by using similar biological systems. They can make new types of observations about noise. By using real ears. Researchers can test how disturbing or painful some noise is. But those systems can also connect with robots. 

Image 2:) 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-discover-mechanism-of-hearing-in-near-atomic-detail/amp/

The new quantum sensors are making a revolution in science. 

Researchers manipulated light on the nanoscale. And that works as a pathfinder for new type 3D screens and VR systems. This also makes it possible to create new scanners that can scan nanometer-scale structures. And that thing can be useful in the new nanomachines. 

But the ability to manipulate light in the nanoscale makes it possible to create a new type of sensor. If we think about the 100% reflecting mirrors and nano-size laser rays we could create a new version of the telescope, that observes gravitational waves. That kind of telescope might have a honeycomb structure where the extremely thin laser ray is jumping from the walls. 

And that thing makes it possible to create a laser ray that length is the same as the Ligo sensor, but the package can be more compact. The new type of gravitational sensor could be the cube where laser ray jumps between walls. If that kind of thing can be possible. The gravitational waves can benefit easier. Those waves can give information about things that are happening inside neutron stars and black holes. 

In those sensors, the quantum entanglements can make the things like laser rays.  Those systems can get an accuracy That is higher than ever before. Quantum entanglement acts like a laser ray. When energy hits it the sensor detects that change. 

The new quantum sensors can also replace the GPS. Those quantum sensors can be next-generation navigation tools. Those quantum navigation tools are still under research. 

The idea of those systems can be seen in image 2. There is a network of quantum transmitters at certain points on Earth, and the system detects the position of those transmitters. There is the possibility that the Earth's magnetic fields are unique a certain points on Earth. That thing can detect by ultra-accurate sensors. 

https://scitechdaily.com/breaking-an-optical-rule-engineers-manipulate-light-at-the-nanoscale/

https://scitechdaily.com/entanglement-enhanced-matter-wave-interferometer-now-with-double-the-spookiness/

Image 2:) https://scitechdaily.com/high-tech-quantum-sensors-navigating-when-gps-goes-dark/

Space is important from the point of view of civil and military.

Image 1) Large-size air-launched rockets can also have an ASAT capacity. 

Space is the last of frontiers. Even if there are rules up there, regular people cannot ever see satellites or they see only their cores. If, they have telescopes. 

Spaceborne positioning is important for GPS-homing, smart munitions. And those munitions are the most effective actors on the battlefield. Also, satellites are the ultimate tools for reconnaissance missions. Military communication satellites are delivering orders to strategic missile submarines. That makes those satellites military targets. 

And they can be like an eye that watches the ground. If military forces can destroy those communication satellites it can deny the SLBM submarines to get their launching codes. Destroying the positioning satellites makes the GPS ammunition ineffective. 

Image 2:) F-15 Releases ASAT

They fly high above Earth. So regular anti-aircraft systems cannot threaten satellites. 

The ground-based ASAT-capable missiles are very large tools. And they are "easy to destroy" if the weapon system can lock to those targets. The ASAT missiles also install in naval vessels. 

Submarine-based ASAT weapons can destroy things like positioning satellites. Many of those land- or sea-based missiles are modified SLBM- or ICBM weapons. But larger rockets like Delta IV and its variants can rise the ASAT weapons to orbital trajectory. 

But ASAT weapons can also install on aircraft. The system that bases F-15 and quite a small missile is interesting. The coordinates upload to the weapon itself. It's connected to the autopilot. Then the ASAT will drive the fighter to the right position and releases itself. And the pilot can fly the aircraft home. 

Image 3:) X-37B

Image 3B:) 

Miniature shuttle, by Virgin Galactic corporation. Similar shuttles can use in the same missions with X-37B.

And one mission of the miniature shuttles like X-37B might work as an ASAT weapon. The air-launched ASAT systems are easy to transport to the way of the targeted satellite's trajectory. Things like the Pegasus rocket can modify into an ASAT missile. And the killer satellite can wait at the orbital trajectory. The small-size satellites can use kinetic energy penetrators. 

Image 4:) Delta IV Medium lifts off. 

Or they can impact their targets like the NASAs Dart probe made to an asteroid.  Also, the positioning and recon satellites can equip with counter-strike systems. Those systems can look like the Israeli "Trophy" system. The counter-strike system itself can be a machine gun that uses "Gyrojet" ammunition. 

Gyrojet is a small rocket. And if that system uses a similar ignition system with the metal storm it denies recoil. In that kind of space machine gun, the back of the weapon is open. And that eliminates the recoil that causes problems for satellites. Maybe Gyrojet was not successful in the Vietnam jungle but the same concept can use in space weapons. 

The idea is that satellites can destroy incoming missiles by using that weapon. But these kinds of systems are also effective against other satellites. 

And the thing is this: weapon race will go to space. GPS satellites, along with spaceborne recon and communication systems, play vital roles in conflicts. So those satellites are a very good target for anti-satellite systems. 

https://www.boeing.com/defense/autonomous-systems/x37b/index.page

https://www.space.com/virgin-orbit-plan-aid-nato-europe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASM-135_ASAT

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyrojet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophy_(countermeasure)

Image 1:) https://www.space.com/virgin-orbit-plan-aid-nato-europe

Image 2:) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASM-135_ASAT

Image 3:) https://www.boeing.com/defense/autonomous-systems/x37b/index.page

Image 3B:) https://techstory.in/virgin-galactic-secures-faa-approval-to-commercialize-space-tourism/

Image 4:) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_IV

"PoNu" or portable nuclear reactors will change many things.

Portable nuclear reactors the container-size nuclear systems. The power of those reactors is less than 50 megawatts. Or 10-50 megawatts. Portable nuclear reactors make possible to create of things like scramjet-powered hypersonic aircraft possible. 

Hydrogen is the best fuel in hypersonic aircraft. And portable nuclear reactors are making it possible to create hydrogen by using electrolysis. 

Hydrogen can also use in cars and other vehicles as fuel. The hydrogen-powered car that uses hydrogen as fuel requires only electricity and water to create hydrogen. The thing that makes electricity for electrolysis is not important. 

And the same systems that deliver electricity to electric vehicles. Can use to deliver electricity to the electrolysis chamber. The problem is how to produce that electricity without emissions. 

The electrolysis chamber can be on the body of the car or aircraft. And operators can just connect the electric wire to the aircraft. 

The system conducts water into the electrolysis chamber. And in that chamber, electricity breaks water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. That means space rockets can also use similar systems for creating their fuel.  

Portable nuclear reactors are also effective systems for making electricity for DEW (Directed Energy Weapons) like laser systems. The only thing that a laser system needs is electricity. And portable nuclear reactors guarantee every laser station has an independent power source. 

A nuclear reactor makes it possible to create electricity that makes the system independent from the regular power source. The portable nuclear reactor that is connected to aircraft can make an airspace system with virtually unlimited operational time. And that kind of system can also deliver electricity to other systems around that aircraft. 

Image: https://energypost.eu/micro-nuclear-reactors-up-to-20mw-portable-safer/